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ADHD

What Is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?

At times, all children have problems paying attention, sitting still, and not interrupting others. However, for a number of children these difficulties continue as they get older, are more extreme than for other children their age, and significantly interfere with their lives. In fact, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders of childhood worldwide, affecting about 5% of children. Research also shows that 40-60% of these children also struggle with anxiety, depression, learning, and social relationships.

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The Three Presentations of ADHD

  • Predominately Inattentive Presentation (previously called ADD)
  • Predominately Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation (least common)
  • Combined Presentation (most common; both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive)

Research shows that early identification and treatment is essential in preventing ongoing difficulties with learning, mood, self-esteem, and sustaining positive relationships.

How Can We Help? What Is Involved in ADHD Testing?

At Reframe Psychology Clinic, we routinely complete comprehensive ADHD assessments that are multi-modal and multi-informant. Assessments are in-depth and look at different areas that a child with ADHD may struggle with, such as their attention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, anxiety, behavior, relationships, emotion regulation, and learning. Strictly basing an ADHD assessment on a questionnaire completed by parents and a teacher is not enough and is unreliable. Information from multiple sources is essential in ADHD testing and allows psychologists to gather enough information to make informed recommendations to parents and teachers about how to maximize a child’s functioning in all areas of their life. An ADHD assessment may involve a full psychoeducational assessment if there are learning concerns, as many students with ADHD also have a learning disability. In situations where there are no learning concerns, the ADHD assessment may be completed without a full learning assessment.

What Are Some Signs of ADHD?

Inattentive Symptoms:

  • easily distracted or sidetracked
  • difficulties staying focussed for at least 20 minutes
  • avoidance of tasks that require sustained mental effort, including homework
  • difficulties starting or finishing a task
  • difficulties following instructions
  • careless errors are common
  • seem not to be listening when spoken to
  • disorganization
  • loss of belongings
  • low motivation

Hyperactive-Impulsive Symptoms:

  • often fidgety or squirmy
  • trouble sitting still or staying in seat
  • often on the “go” and extremely active
  • talk too much
  • blurt out answers before questions have been fully asked
  • difficulties taking turns
  • interrupting others when they are speaking
  • difficulties getting along with others
  • easily frustrated
  • very impatient

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